Research

Reading the offline archive without the grid: solar power and low-power devices

How to run an offline library with a small solar panel, a battery and a low-power device, and how much power it needs.

Quick answer

Use a low-power device (tablet, laptop or Raspberry Pi) running Kiwix, a 50 W solar panel with a charge controller and battery, spare cables, and two copies of the drive. A Pi serving Wi-Fi can share the library with every phone in a camp.

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Reading the archive without the grid

A drive full of knowledge is useless if nothing can read it. Plan the reader as carefully as the library.

What you need

  • A low-power device to read the archive: a laptop, tablet or small computer (for example a Raspberry Pi) that can run the Kiwix reader. Keep two, plus the app installers for each operating system on the drive.
  • A way to charge it: a small solar panel (20 to 100 watts is plenty for a laptop and lights), a charge controller, a battery (a 12 V battery or a power bank), and the right cables and adapters.
  • A storage plan: two copies of the drive in different places, protected from water, heat and shocks.

Power budget

Device Typical draw
Tablet or e-reader 2 to 10 W
Small single-board computer 3 to 10 W
Laptop 20 to 60 W
LED light 1 to 5 W

A 50 W panel in good sun gives roughly 150 to 250 watt-hours a day. That is enough for several hours of reading on a laptop or all day on a tablet.

Share it

  • A small computer with Wi-Fi can serve the archive to every phone and tablet in the group with no internet (the Internet-in-a-Box and Kiwix-hotspot approach). See Downloads.
  • A reading room in one building with a table, a lamp and the device.

Keep it working

  • Keep spare cables, chargers and batteries; they fail before the archive does.
  • Protect from damp and dust: silica gel, sealed containers.
  • Copy the drive every year and check its checksum.
  • Print the vital pages in case all devices fail.

Common questions

How much power does a reader need?

A tablet 2 to 10 W; a small computer 3 to 10 W; a laptop 20 to 60 W.

What breaks first?

Cables, chargers and batteries, not the archive. Keep spares.

Can one device serve many people?

Yes: a small computer with Wi-Fi can serve the archive to every phone nearby.